Watching crystals grow provides clues to making smoother, defect-free thin films
To make thin films for semiconductors in electronic devices, layers of atoms must be grown in neat, crystalline sheets. But while some materials grow smooth crystals, others tend to develop bumps and defects -- a serious problem for thin-film manufacturi... read article

Energy of attacking virus revealed
For the first time the research world has managed to measure the energy that is used when a virus infects a cell. The aim is to find a way to reduce the amount of energy inside the virus and thereby ultimately find a medicine that can counteract infectio... read article

Cosmology: Weak gravitational lensing improves measurements of distant galaxies
A cosmologist has extended the relationship between the x-ray luminosity and the mass of galaxy clusters as measured by gravitational lensing, improving the reliability of mass measurements of much older, more distant, and smaller galactic structures. Th... read article

How do free electrons originate?
Scientists have discovered a new way in which high-energy radiation in water can release slow electrons. Free electrons play a major role in chemical processes. In particular, they might be responsible for causing radiation damage in organic tissue.... read article

Exotic symmetry seen in ultracold electrons
An exotic type of symmetry -- suggested by string theory and theories of high-energy particle physics, and also conjectured for electrons in solids under certain conditions -- has been observed experimentally for the first time.... read article

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